PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS LAW

OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(Adopted at the 24th session of　the Standing　Committee　of the National People's Congress on　February　23, 1997)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER TWO ESTABLISHMENT OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
CHAPTER THREE PROPERTY OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
CHAPTER FOUR OPERATION OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
CHAPTER　FIVE　RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS AND　A　THIRD PARTY
CHAPTER SIX ADMISSION TO AND WITHDRAWAL FROM PARTNERSHIP
CHAPTER SEVEN DISBANDMENT AND LIQUIDATION OF PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
CHAPTER EIGHT LEGAL LIABILITIES
CHAPTER NINE SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
　　　　　　　　　　 CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article　1 This Law is formulated for the purposes of standardizing　the behavior of partnership businesses and protecting the legitimate　rights and　interests　of　those　businesses and their　partners　and　thus　to
safeguard the social and economic order, and promote the development　of the socialist market economy.
Article　2 A partnership business referred to in this Law shall　be　any business　set up by partners within the Chinese territory　according　to this Law with contributions by all the partners thereof through　signing up of an agreement as well as a joint sharing of all the partners of the operations, incomes, risks, and unlimited liabilities of the business.
Article　3　The agreement for a business concerned shall be　made　in　a written　form according to the law upon full agreement of　all　partners thereof through consultations.
Article 4 The principles of voluntariness, equality, fairness, sincerity and　creditability shall be followed for the creation of　a　partnership business and formulation of the agreement thereof.
Article　5 A partnership business in not permitted to use such words　as "limited" or "limited liability" in its title.
Article　6　A partnership business must abide　by　laws,　administrative regulations and professional ethics in its operations.
Article　7　The　property　and legitimate　rights　and　interests　of　a partnership business and its partners shall enjoy legal protection.
　　　　　CHAPTER TWO ESTABLISHMENT OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
Article 8 The establishment of a partnership business should be provided with the following conditions:
1)　two　or more partners who shall all shoulder　unlimited　liabilities according to the law;
2) a partnership agreement in written form;
3) capital fund contributed by all partners;
4) a name of the business concerned;
5) operating sites and conditions of the business.
Article 9 A partner shall be a person who is fully capable of performing civil acts.
Article　10 Any person having been banned by the laws or　administrative regulations　from　engaging in business activities is not　permitted　to become a partner of a partnership business.
Article 11 A partner of a partnership business may make contributions in cash, kinds, land use rights, intellectual property rights or rights　of other　property thereof and the said capital contributions shall be　the legitimate property and rights of property of the partner concerned.
When　in　need,　the capital contributions other　than　cash　should　be evaluated by all partners through consultations or by a legal evaluation agency entrusted by all partners.
With　the agreement of all partners after consultations, a　partner　may also use labor services as capital contributions, and the method for the evaluation　of the services shall be determined by all partners　through consultations.
Article　12 Capital contributions of partners of a partnership　business shall　be　made in forms, amounts and terms as set　in　the　partnership agreement.
Contributions　actually　paid　up　by　all　partners　according　to　the partnership　agreement shall form the total capital contributions　of　a partnership business.
Article　13 A partnership agreement shall record clearly　the　following items:
1) name of the partnership business and location of its major　operating site;
2) purpose of partnership and business scope of the partners business;
3) names and residences of the partners;
4) form and amount of capital contributions payable by the partners　and term of payment for capital contributions;
5) method for profit distribution and loss sharing;
6) actual operations of the business;
7) conditions for admission to and withdrawal from partnership;
8) disbandment and liquidation of the partnership business; and
9) liabilities for default.
A partnership agreement may record clearly the term of operation of　the partnership　business　and the methods for settling disputes　among　the partners.
Article 14 A partnership agreement shall take effect after it is　signed and　sealed　by　all partners. The partners shall　exercise　their　full rights　and be responsible for liabilities according to the　partnership
agreement.
Whereas all partners agree after consultations, a partnership　agreement may be revised or replenished.
Article　15　In　application　for　the　registration　of　a　partnership business,　 the　 partnership　agreement　of　the　 business　 and　 the identification cards of the partners should be presented to the business
registration authority.
Whereas an approval from relevant authority is needed for the setting up of　the　business　concerned according to　the　law　and　administrative regulations,　the document of approval should also be　presented　during the application for registration of the business.
Article 16 The business registration authority shall make a decision　on whether　or　not to approve the registration within　thirty　days　after receipt　 of　the　application　documents　for　the　registration.　 The registration shall be approved and the business license shall be granted if the provisions of this Law are met; and the registration shall not be approved　if the provisions of this Law are not met and then a reply　in written form shall be given to explain the reasons.
Article　17　The　date on which the business license　of　a　partnership business　is issued is considered the date of the establishment　of　the partnership business concerned.
Before　the　acquirement　of　the　business　license,　partners　of　the partnership business concerned are not permitted to engage in　operating activities in the name of the business.
Article 18 For setting up of a subsidiary, a partnership business should apply　for　the　registration　of the subsidiary　with　and　obtain　the business　license　concerned from the　business　registration　authority
where the said subsidiary is located.
　　　　　　CHAPTER THREE PROPERTY OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
Article　19 During the term of operation of a partnership business,　the capital　contributions by its partners and all incomes obtained　in　the name　of　the　partnership　business　shall　all　be　property　of　 the
partnership business.
Property　of　a　partnership　business should be　put　under　the　joint management and uses of all partners according to this Law.
Article　20 Before the liquidation of a partnership　business,　partners concerned are not permitted to request for distribution of the　property thereof except for cases as provided separately by this Law.
Secret　transference or uses of property of a partnership business by　a partner　before　the liquidation of the business should not be　made　in counter to the interest of an uninformed bona fide third party.
Article　21 An unanimous agreement from other partners must be　obtained before　a partner of a partnership business transfers to a　party　other than　the　partners of the business concerned all or part of　the　share
thereof during the term of operation of the business.
For such a transference, a notice should be given to all partners of the business.
Article　22　Whenever　a　transference by a　partner　of　a　partnership business his/her share thereof according to the law, the other　partners concerned　shall　enjoy　the　priority for　assignment　under　the　same
conditions.
Article 23 A new party other than all partners of a partnership business shall　become a new partner of the business after acquiring a　share　of the said business as transferred by a partner thereof under a　unanimous agreement　of all partners of the business according to law and　thereto upon　a revision to the partnership agreement, enjoy the rights　and　be responsible for the liabilities of the business according to the revised partnership agreement.
Article　24　The use of property share in a partnership　business　by　a partner　thereof　as　a pledge should acquire in　advance　an　unanimous agreement from other partners concerned.
Use of property share in a partnership business by a partner as a pledge without　a unanimous agreement from other partners shall　be　considered invalid　or as withdrawal of the partner from the partnership;　and　the latter　shall　take　responsibility　for the　compensation　if　the　act thereupon causes any loss to other partners according to the law.
　　　　　　CHAPTER FOUR OPERATION OF A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
Article　25 Each partner shall enjoy equal right in the operation　of　a partnership business. A partnership business may be operated jointly　by all partners but the operation might also be entrusted to one or several partners according to the provisions of the partnership agreement or the decision of all partners.
Partners　who　actively　operate　the　partnership　business　should　be considered as representatives of the said partnership business in　terms of external affairs.
Article　26 Whereas one or several partners are entrusted to　operate　a partnership business according to the preceding article, other　partners shall be kept out of the operation of the said partnership business　but still have right to supervise upon the said operation.
Article　27 One or several partners entursted to operate　a　partnership business　should, according to the agreement, report to　other　partners who do not join in the operation the operating conditions and　financial status　of the business concerned and earnings or liabilities　therefrom shall be shared by all partners.
Article 28 Partners of a partnership bussiness are entitled to check　on the accounts of the business so as to keep in knowledge of the operating and financial conditions of the business.
Decisions by the partners on matters of a partnership business according to　this Law or the partnership agreement, can be based on one vote　for one　partner　as decided by all partners except for cases　provided　for
separately by this Law or the partnership agreement.
Article　29　Whereas a partnership business is　subjected　to　separated operations　by　individual　partners as stipulated　in　the　partnership agreement or upon decision of all partners, a partner may put forward an opposition　to the operation of other partners. When the　opposition　is put　forward, the operation concerned should be stopped temporarily　and arguements arisen therefrom should be settled by all partners.
Whereas a partner who has been entrusted to operate a business fails　to act　according　to　the partnership agreement or　the　decision　by　all partners,　the　entrustment　may　be put　off　upon　decision　of　other partners.
Article　30 A partner is not permitted to be involved solely or　jointly into other business that is competitive with the partnership business.
Except　for　cases　as　stipulated in the　partner　agreement　or　other agreements　of all partners, a partner of a partnership business is　not allowed to trade with the above-mentioned business.
A　partner　of　a partnership business is not　permitted　to　engage　in activities in counter to the interests of the business.
Article　31　A unanimous agreement of all partners is required　for　the following undertakings of a partnership business:
1) handling of the real estate of the partnership business;
2) a change to the name of the partnership business;
3)　transference　or handling of the intellectual　property　rights　and rights of other property of the partnership business;
4) application with the business registration authority for a change　of the registration;
5)　provision　of　guarantee　for　a third party　in　the　name　of　the partnership business;
6)　appointment　of persons other than the partners as managers　of　the partnership business; and
7) related matters as stipulated in the partnership agreement.
Article 32 Profits and losses of a partnership business shall be　shared by　 its　partners　according　to　the　proportion　stipulated　in　 the partnership agreement; the profits and losses shall be shared equally by　the　 partners　if　there are no set proportions　written　down　in　the partnership agreement.
Partnership agreements should not attribute whole part of the profits or losses to part of the partners.
Article 33 Capital contributions can be added to a partnership　business by　its partners according to the partnership agreement or　decision　of all partners within the operation term of the business for the　purposes of expanding business scale or compensating for loss.
Article　34　Specific　plans of a partnership business　for　sharing　of profits and losses in a year or in a certain period can be decided　upon by all partners through consultations or by the methods as stipulated in the partnership agreement.
Article　35 Managers appointed by partnership businesses　shall　perform their　duties　within　the scope of　authorization　by　the　partnership businesses.
Whereas　managers appointed by partnership businesses operate in　excess of　the　scope that has been authorized by the businesses or　cause　any loss to the partnership business because of intentional or major　fault, responsibility for the compensation shall be imposed according to law.
Article　36　A　partnership business should establish　a　financial　and accounting　system for the business according to the provisions　of　the law and administrative regulations.
Article 37 A partnership business should pay due taxes according to law.
CHAPTER　FIVE　RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS AND　A　THIRD PARTY
Article 38 Restrictions of a partnership business on the operation of　a partner in terms of the business or the right of a partner to　represent the　business in handling of external affairs should not act in　counter to the interest of an uninformed bona fide third party.
Article　39　A partnership business shall first of all use　all　of　its property　to　repay its debts. Whereas the property of　the　partnership business　is　insufficient　for repayment of　its　payable　debts,　each partner shall shoulder unlimited joint liabilities for the repayment.
Article 40 Whereas debts of a partnership business cannot be fully borne by the property of the business concerned, the insufficient part　should be　paid by each partner by using property other than that　having　been contributed to the partnership business according to the proportion　set in the first paragraph of Article 32 of this Law.
Whereas　a　partner　repays an amount in excess　of　the　respect　share because　of　joint liabilities a reimbursement is　entitled　from　other partners.
Article 41 Debts owed by a partner in a partnership business to a　third party　cannot　be　used to offset debts owed by the said　party　to　the business concerned.
Article 42 A personal creditor of a partner to a partnership business is not　permitted　to　subrogate　the rights of the　said　partner　in　the business concerned.
Article　43　Personal debts of a partner to a partnership　business　can only　be settled with the distributable income to the partner　from　the said　business; the creditor concerned may also file a request with　the people's　court　for compulsory repayment of the debt concerned　by　the said partner's property share in the business concerned according to the law.
Other partners have the preemptive rights for assignment of the property share of the said partner.
　　　　CHAPTER SIX ADMISSION TO AND WITHDRAWAL FROM PARTNERSHIP
Article　44 Admission to a partnership business of a new partner　should be　agreed　upon by all partners concerned and a　partnership　admission agreement should be made in writing according to the law.
When　a partnership admission agreement is made, the　original　partners should　inform　the new partner of the　original　partnership　business' operating conditions and financial status.
Article 45 A new partner admitted to a partnership business shall　enjoy the　same　rights　and shoulder the same　liabilities　as　the　original partners.　Whereas　there　is a separate　contract　in　the　partnership admission agreement, the said agreement shall prevail.
A　new partner admitted to a partnership business shall　shoulder　joint liabilities　for the debts of the partnership business as the　admission taking effect.
Article　46 Whereas the term of operation of a partnership business　has been　set　in　the partnership agreement, a partner　may　withdraw　from partnership in any of the following cases:
1)　a　cause for withdrawal from partnership as set in　the　partnership agreement appears;
2) all partners agree to the withdrawal;
3)　a　cause　to　make　the said partner　difficult　to　remain　in　the partnership takes place; and
4)　other partners seriously go against their obligations as set in　the partnership agreement.
Article　47 Whereas the term of operation of a partnership business　has not　been set in the partnership agreement, a partner may withdraw　from the　partnership on the condition that the winthdrawal would　not　cause adverse　effect to the operation of the said partnership　business.　But the　withdrawal　must　be　informed to other　partners　thirty　days　in advance.
Article 48 Whereas a partner withdraws from partnership in violation　of the provisions of the preceding two articles, compensation must be　made by the said partner for the loss caused to other partners thereof.
Article　49　Whereas　a　partner　has any　of　the　following　cases,　a withdrawal of the said partner shall be effected naturally:
1) being dead or declared as being dead according to the law;
2) declared as a person without capacity for civil acts according to the law;
3) losing individual debt service capacity; and
4) compulsorily executed by the people's court of all property share　in the partnership business.
Withdrawal　from partnership as provided for in the preceding　paragraph shall take effect on the date on which it actually takes place.
Article　50　Whereas　a　partner　has any　of　the　following　cases,　a resolution　may　be made with unanimous agreement of other　partners　to dismiss the said partner:
1) failing to perform the obligation for capital contributions;
2)　causing　loss to the partnership business for intentional　or　major fault;
3)　having　unfair　behavior in executing　affairs　of　the　partnership business; and
4) other causes as set in the partnership agreement.
The　resolution　to　dismiss a partner should be sent　in　a　notice　in writing to the person who is dismissed. The dismission shall take effect on the date on which the person who is dismissed receives the dismission notice, and the person who is dismissed shall withdraw from partnership.
Whereas the person who is dismissed has any opposition to the dismission resolution,　legal proceedings may be instituted with be people's　court within thirty days after receipt of the dismission notice.
Article　51 Whereas a partner is dead and declared according to the　law as　being dead, the heir who enjoys the legitimate right　of　inheriting the said partner's property share in a partnership business shall as set in　the partnership agreement or with agreement of all　partners　obtain the　qualification for being a partner of the said partnership　business as of the date of succession.
Whereas the said heir refuses to be a partner, the partnership business should　reinburse　to　the heir the respective share　of　the　inherited property.
Whereas　a　legitimate heir has not become mature, a guardian　may　with unanimous　agreement of other partners subrogate the rights of the　said heir before the latter becomes mature.
Article 52 Whereas a partner wihtdraws from partnership, other　partners shall　conduct settlement with the said partner in accordance　with　the property　conditions　of　the partnership business at the　time　of　the withdrawal, and return the property share of the withdrawing partner.
Whereas　some affairs of the partnership business fail to be settled　at the　time of the withdrawal, the property share shall be　settled　after the affairs are settled.
Article 53 The methods of refunding the property share of a　withdrawing partner　in　a　partnership business shall be　set in　the　partnership agreement or determined by all partners. The refunding may be in cash or
in kind.
Article　54　A withdrawing partner should together with　other　partners shoulder　joint　liabilities for the debts of the　partnership　business occurred before the said withdrawal.
Article　55 Whereas the property of a partnership business is less　than the　 debts　of　the　said　business　when　a　partner　withdraws　 from partnership, the withdrawing partner should share the loss according　to the provisions in the first paragraph of Article 32 of this Law.
Article　56 Whereas the registration matters of a　partnership　business change　or　re-registration is necessary for such reason　as　withdrawal from　 partnership,　admission　to　partnership　of　revision　 of　 the partnership　agreement,　the　said partnership　business　should　handle relevant　 registration　procedures　with　the　 business　 registration authority　within fifteen days as of the date on which the decision　for the change is made or the cause for the change takes place.
　 CHAPTER SEVEN DISBANDMENT AND LIQUIDATION OF PARTNERSHIP BUSINESS
Article 57 A partnership business shall disband in any of the　following cases:
1) the term of operation as set in the partnership agreement expires and the partners are unwilling to continue the operaiton;
2) a cause for disbandment as set in the partnership agreement appears;
3) all partners decide to disband;
4)　there is an insufficient number of partners as provided for　by　the Law;
5)　the purpose for partnership as set in the partnership agreement　has been finalized or is not able to be realized;
6) the business license is revoked according to the law; and
7)　other reasons for disbandment of a partnership business as　provided for by the law and administrative regulations appear.
Article　58　A　partnership business　shall　after　disbandment　conduct liquidation and inform its creditors in notice or announcement thereof.
Article　59　Whereas a partnership business　disbands,　the　liquidators shall be acted by all partners; whereas not all partners are able to act as　the liquidators, one or several partners, or a third party may　with agreement　of more than half of the partners be designated or　entrusted to　act　as the liquidators within fifteen days　after　the　partnership
business disbands.
Whereas the liquidators are not determined within the fifteen days,　the partners　or other interested parties may request the people's court　to designate the liquidators.
Article　60 The liquidators shall execute the following　affairs　during the period of liquidation:
1)　to sort out the property of the partnership business, and　draft　up the balance sheets and the property list of the said business;
2)　to　handle unsettled affairs of the partnership　business　that　are related to the liquidation;
3) to pay up taxes payable;
4) to settle credits and debts;
5)　to　handle　the remaining property after　the　partnership　business repays its debts; and
6) to take part in civil suits on behalf of the partnership business.
Article 61 After the liquidation expenses are paid, the property of　the partnership business shall be distributed in the following order:
1)　wages and labor insurance costs owed by the partnership business　to its employees;
2) taxes payable by the partnership business;
3) debts of the partnership business; and
4) returning capital contributions to the partners.
Whereas　there　is　a　surplus after the　property　of　the　partnership business　is　distributed　in the above-mentioned　order,　it　shall　be distributed　according　to the proportion as provided for in　the　first paragraph of Article 32 of this Law.
Article　 62　Whereas　all　property　of　a　partnership　 business　 is insufficient　for　paying its debts, it shall be　handled　according　to Article 39 and Article 40 of this Law.
Article 63 After a partnership business disbands, the original　partners shall still shoulder joint liabilities for the debts in the duration　of existence of the partnership business. But the said liabilities shall be eliminated　if the creditors fail to ask for repayment from the　debtees within five years.
Article　64　After the liquidation ends, a liquidation report　shall　be made, and it shall after the signing and sealing of all partners be sent to　the business registration authority within fifteen days to　register the cancellation of the partnership business.
　　　　　　　　　　CHAPTER EIGHT LEGAL LIABILITIES
Article　65　Whereas a business registration is obtained　by　presenting counterfeit　documents or taking other deceitful means in　violation　of the provisions of this Law, a correction shall be ordered to be made and a　fine　of less than RMB5,000 may be imposed; if the　case　is　serious enough, the business registration shall be revoked.
Article　66　Whereas the words of "limited" or "limited　liability"　are used　in　the　name　of　a partnership　business　in　violation　of　the provisions of this Law, a correction shall be ordered to be made　within the　prescribed　time　limit and a fine of less　than　RMB2,000　may　be imposed.
Article　67 Whereas an operation in the name of a　partnership　business without a business license in violation of the provisions of this Law, a stop of the operation shall be ordered and a fine of less than　RMB5,000 may be imposed.
Whereas　a change of the registration matters of a partnership　business without　the　relevant　change of registration in　accordance　with　the provisions　of　this　Law, a registration shall be　ordered　within　the prescribed　time limit; whereas the registration is not made　after　the time limit, a fine of less than RMB2,000 shall be imposed.
Article　68 Whereas a forcible possession of the interests　attributable to a partnership business during operation or coversion of property　of the partnership business by other means by a said partner(s), return　of the　said　interests and property to the partnership business　shall　be ordered;　if the case causes loss to the partnership business　or　other partners,　the　said　partner(s)　shall　take　responsibility　for　 the compensation; if the case constitutes a crime, the said partner shall be prosecuted for criminal responsibilities.
Article 69 Whereas any handling by a partner(s), without　authorization, of　affairs which can only be handled with agreement of all partners　as provided　for in this Law or as contracted in the partnership　agreement and　thereto causes loss to the partnership business or other　partners, responsibility shall be assumed by the said partner(s) for　compensation according to Law.
Article　70 Whereas execution of affairs of a partnership business by　a partner(s) without the power to execute such affairs and thereto　causes loss　to　the　partnership business or　other　partners,　responsibility should　be assumed by the said partner(s) for compensation according　to the law.
Article　71 Whereas an engagement of business which is competitive to　a certain partnership business or a trade with the partnership business by a　partner　of　the　said　partnership　business　in　violation　of　the provisions of this Law, and thereto causes loss to the said　partnership business　or other partners of the business, due compensation　shall　be responsible by the partner concerned according to the law.
Article　72　Compensation　arising from an　illegal　possession　of　the poverty　of a partnership business or misappropriation of the funds　of the partnership business by any employee of the partnership business for personal use by taking advantage of one's own position shall be borne by the said employee according to the law; if the case constitutes a crime, a criminal responsibility shall be affixed.
Article　73　Whereas　a failure to submit a liquidation　report　to　the business　registration　authority　by any liquidator　according　to　the provisions　of　this　Law, or the　submitted　liquidation　report　hides important facts or has major omissions, a correction shall be ordered to be made by the said liquidator.
Article 74 Whereas the property of a partnership business is obtained or converted　by　a partner of the partnership business　in　executing　the liquidation affairs as a liquidator, the intruded or converted　property shall　be　ordered　to　be returned to　the　partnership　business,　and responsibility for the compensation shall be borne by the said　partner; if　the　case constitutes a crime, a criminal　responsibility　shall　be affixed.
Whereas　an act as provided for in the preceding paragraph is　conducted by　a　liquidator　as entrusted by the partner,　the　said　intruded　or converted　property shall be ordered to be returned to　the　partnership business,　and　due compensation shall be borne by the　said　liquidator according　to　the　law;　if　the　case　constitutes　a　crime　criminal responsibilities shall be affixed.
Article 75 Whereas a liquidator, in violation of the provisions of　this Law,　withholds　or transfers the property of　a　partnership　business, makes　false　records on the asset-liability statement or　the　property list,　or distributes property of the partnership business before　debts are　paid,　he(she) shall be ordered to make a correction; if　the　case does　harm to the interests of the creditor, he(she) shall according　to the　law　assume　responsibility　for　the　compensation;　if　the　case constitutes　 a　crime,　he(she)　shall　be　prosecuted　 for　 criminal responsibilities.
Article　76　Whereas　a violation of the partnership　agreement　by　any partner,　responsibility　for　the default shall be borne　by　the　said partner according to the law.
Disputies　arisen　in　execution of the　partnership　agreement　may　be settled through consultations or mediation. Whereas an unwillingness　of the　partners to settle the dispute through consultations or　mediation,
or　the　said　dispute　fails to be　settled　through　consultations　or mediation,　the dispute may according to the arbitration clauses in　the partnership　agreement　or an arbitration agreement in　writing　reached later be submitted to an arbitration agency for arbitration. Whereas the interested　parties fail to make arbitration clauses in the　partnership
agreement and an arbitration agreement fails to be reached later,　legal proceedings may be instituted with the people's court.
Article 77 Whereas any relevant administrative authority and its working personnel,　in　violation of the provisions of this　Law,　abuse　power, conduct malpractice for personal gains, receive bribery and encroach　on the legitimate rights of a partnership business, they shall according to the law be given administrative punishments; if the case constitutes　a crime,　they　shall　according to the law　be　prosecuted　for　criminal responsibilities.
　　　　　　　　 CHAPTER NINE SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
Article 78 This Law shall take effect on August 1, 1997.